Method Of Exam

Observe Eyeballs, Eyelids, Lachrymal gland and Eyebrows for

• Eyeballs
  • Size
  • Setting in the orbit. (To judge presence of exophthalmos or enophthalmos)
    • Have the patient close the eyes and place a flat object over eyebrow and maxilla. Note the distance between the closed eye and the flat object.
  • Symmetry and alignment
• Eyelids
  • Body of the lid
    • Thickness
    • Uniformity
    • Lesions
  • Location in relation to cornea and pupil
  • Width of palpebral fissure
  • Margins and eye lashes
• Lachrymal Gland: 
  • Observe the upper outer portion of upper lid. 
  • Evert the upper lid and observe the gland
• Eye brows

Normal:

• Eyeballs are symmetrical in size and position. 
• The eyeballs are in the same plane as eyebrow and maxilla. 
• The upper lid covers upper portion of cornea , when the patient is looking straight.
• Eye lashes span outwards
• The edge of the lids are in apposition to eyeballs
• Small lachrymal gland is recognizable
• Hair distribution in eyebrows is in its entire length