Definition
Pulmonary abscess is a localized area of
liquefactive necrosis of the lung.
Pathology
The abscess is characterized by destruction of lung
tissue forming a cavity. The cavity is filled with pus (necrotic debris/liquid) or pus
and gas (air). The content of the abscess is extremely foul smelling. The abscess may be
large or small, single or multiple. The abscess(s) may occur in any part of the lung.
Refer to Figure 15-22 in your textbook.
Clinical Note:An abscess which follows aspiration occurs more often in the right
lung. Why?
Etiology/Pathogenesis
A variety of microorganisms may cause a lung abscess, but more than 60% of cases are
associated with anaerobic organisms found normally in the oral cavity. There are many
mechanisms for the development of a lung abscess but the most frequent mechanism is
aspiration of infective (contaminated with microorganisms) material.
Pathophysiology
Fever, cough producing large quantity of foul-smelling, purulent sputum; weight loss,
chest pain and clubbing. Rule out carcinoma.