PALATOPHARYNGEUS
| ORIGIN Palatine aponeurosis and posterior margin of hard palate |
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| INSERTION Upper border of thyroid cartilage and blends with constrictor fibers. Upper fibers interdigitate with opposite side |
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| ACTION Elevates pharynx and larynx . Closes nasopharyngeal isthmus in swallowing |
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| NERVE Pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve (X) with its motor fibers from cranial accessory nerve (XI) |