Sigmoid

• Descending colon becomes sigmoid at the level of pelvic inlet
• It is about 40 cm long
• Sigmoid makes a sharp turn in the lower portion to merge with Rectum
• Relationship
  • Lateral
    • External iliac vein
    • Ovary
  • Posterior
    • Internal iliac vein
    • Ureter
    • Piriformes
    • Sacral plexus
  • Inferior
    • Bladder in male
    • Uterus and bladder in female
  • Above
    • Small bowel

Applied Anatomy