The images are not from this case.

CXR

• Normal
• Normal: Labelled
• Pneumothorax: Note lack of lung markings (air) in right hemithorax and atelectatic lung near hilum.
• ARDS: Note diffuse increased lung density, Tracheostomy
• Heart failure: Note enlarged heart, Left effusion, probable subpulmonic effusion on right, basal congestion, indistinct hilum.
• Heart failure post therapy Note improvement in effusions, basal congestion and hilum.
• CXR: Pulmonary edema. Acute MI. Heart size is normal. Butterfly distribution of density.
• CXR and CT Chest  showing prominent interstitium. Dr Terrance Demos

Physical findings

• Labored breathing
• Blue bloater/cyanotic tongue/chronic bronchitis./ Central cyanosis/Corpulmonale
• Blue bloater/cyanotic tongue/chronic bronchitis/ central cyanosis/Corpulmonale
• Blue lips
• Distended neck veins  Distended neck veins  Promonant V waves Dr. Robert Lichtenberg
• Nonpulsatile distended neck veins in a patient with SVC syndrome.
• S3     S4    Dr. Robert Lichtenberg
• Holosystolic murmur  Dr. Robert Lichtenberg
• Pitting edema/Autopsy  Dr Ralph Leischner
• Non pitting edema  Patient with pretibial myxoedama.
• Sacral edema
• Fine crackles  Dr David Cugell (NW University)

Graphs/Drawing

Venous pressure measurement 

Investigations

EKG

• Hypokalemia
• Dig toxicity
• EKG: MI Anteroseptal  (Dr. Ronald Schreiber)
• EKG: MI Inferior wall  (Dr. Ronald Schreiber)

Echocardiography

Pthology

Path/PE and Pulmonary edema.: Note frothy fluid exuding from lungs.  Dr Ralph Leischner

Path/Lung edema.: Alveoli filled with fluid.  Dr Ralph Leischner

Pulmonary embolism-heart failure-lung/micro  Dr Ralph Leischner

Chronic Passive Congestion of the Lung/Histology/40  Dr Ralph Leischner

Liver-chronic passive congestion - CHF  Dr Ralph Leischner

Chronic Passive Congestion of the Liver/Histology/40  Dr Ralph Leischner

Liver-chronic passive congestion - CHF/Micro  Dr Ralph Leischner

Tables

Classic symptom complex for diseases causing shortness of breath

Symptoms

Physical findings

Therapeutic strategy

Ionotropic agents

Decrease pre-load

Decrease after-load

Compensatory measures

Starling curve normal

Starling curve failing Heart

Definitions

Send comments to Dr. A.J. Chandrasekhar M.D.